Sebelumnya saya mencoba untuk membuat web wordpress menggunakan topologi load balancer, kira-kira topologinya seperti gambar berikut.
| Name | Service | IP Address | OS Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| LB | Nginx | 192.168.7.1 | Ubuntu 20.04 |
| DB | MariaDB | 192.168.7.5 | Ubuntu 20.04 |
| Web 01 | Nginx | 192.168.7.6 | Ubuntu 20.04 |
| Web 02 | Nginx | 192.168.7.7 | Ubuntu 20.04 |
| NFS | NFS | 192.168.7.8 | Ubuntu 20.04 |
Silakan disimak langkah-langkah instalasi-nya.
Install service yang dibutuhkan.
Install nginx pada server LB
apt update -y
apt install nginx -y
Install nginx, php dan nfs client pada server Web01 dan Web02.
apt update -y
apt install nginx -y
apt install php php-imagick php-fpm php-mbstring php-bcmath php-xml php-mysql php-common php-gd php-json php-cli php-curl php-zip -y
systemctl disable apache2
apt install nfs-common -y
Install MySQL atau MariaDB pada server DB.
apt update -y
apt install mariadb -y
Install nfs server pada server NFS.
apt update -y
apt install nfs-kernel-server
Konfigurasi
Pertama kita konfigurasi dulu untuk NFS nya.
Pada server NFS, buat directory untuk meletakan file wordpress.
mkdir data
cd data
wget https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
apt install unzip -y
unzip latest.zip
chown -R nobody:nogroup wordpress/
Setup NFS sharing dengan cara ubah file /etc/exports, dan masukkan file baris konfigurasi berikut:
/root/data/wordpress 192.168.7.6(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
/root/data/wordpress 192.168.7.7(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
Ganti ip address diatas dengan ip address kalian
Restart service nfs server
systemctl restart nfs-kernel-server
Kedua kita konfigurasi Web01 dan Web02
Mount nfs server pada kedua VM Web.
mkdir -p /var/www/wordpress
mount 192.168.7.8:/root/data/wordpress /var/www/wordpress
Cek dengan df -Th untuk melihat apakah sudah berhasil di mount dengan benar.
Masukkan baris berikut pada /etc/fstab agar mounting otomatis apabila server mengalami restart.
192.168.7.8:/root/data/wordpress /var/www/wordpress nfs auto,nofail,noatime,nolock,intr,tcp,actimeo=1800 0 0
Ubah owner dan permission dari docroot wordpress.
chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/wordpress
cd /var/www/wordpress
find . -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \;
find . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \;
Buat konfigurasi nginx pada /etc/nginx/conf.d/wordpress.conf
vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/wordpress.conf
Masukkan konfigurasi berikut dan sesuaikan.
server {
listen 80;
server_name domain.com;
root /var/www/wordpress/;
index index.php index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php;
}
location ~ ^/wp-json/ {
rewrite ^/wp-json/(.*?)$ /?rest_route=/$1 last;
}
location ~* /wp-sitemap.*\.xml {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
client_max_body_size 20M;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
}
gzip on;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_min_length 1000;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_types application/json text/css application/x-javascript application/javascript image/svg+xml;
gzip_proxied any;
location ~* \.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|webp|svg|woff|woff2|ttf|css|js|ico|xml)$ {
access_log off;
log_not_found off;
expires 360d;
}
location ~ /\.ht {
access_log off;
log_not_found off;
deny all;
}
access_log /var/log/nginx/wp-access.log combined;
error_log /var/log/nginx/wp-error.log;
}
Cek konfigurasi nginx
root@web01:~# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
Start nginx dan php-fpm
systemctl restart nginx
systemctl restart php7.4-fpm
systemctl enable nginx
systemctl enable php7.4-fpm
Selesai untuk Web01 dan Web02
Ketiga konfigurasi Database
Masuk ke console mysql dan create database serta grant user.
systemctl start mariadb
mysql
MariaDB [(none)]> create database wp_lb;
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER 'wp_user_lb'@'192.168.7.6' IDENTIFIED BY 'Password12345@@@@';
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER 'wp_user_lb'@'192.168.7.7' IDENTIFIED BY 'Password12345@@@@';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL ON wp_lb.* to 'wp_user_lb'@'192.168.7.6';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL ON wp_lb.* to 'wp_user_lb'@'192.168.7.7';
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
MariaDB [(none)]> quit;
Keempat konfigurasi nginx Load balancer
Buat konfigurasi /etc/nginx/conf.d/wordpress.conf.
vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/wordpress.conf
Masukkan konfigurasi berikut:
upstream wp_backend {
least_conn;
server 192.168.7.6:80;
server 192.168.7.7:80;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name domain.com;
location / {
proxy_pass http://wp_backend;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
}
access_log /var/log/nginx/wp-access.log combined;
error_log /var/log/nginx/wp-error.log;
}
Cek konfigurasi menggunakan nginx -t, jika sudah silakan start nginx.
nginx -t
systemctl restart nginx
Konfigurasi WordPress
Setelah semuanya selesai, silakan akses wordpress melalui browser dan konfigurasi mulai dari input database sampai konfigurasi user-nya.
Selesai..